The bases for assessment in the classroom -- Classroom decision making and using assessment -- Describing the goals and learning targets of instruction -- Validity of assessment results -- Reliability of assessment results -- Professional responsibilities, ethical behavior, and legal requirements in educational assessments -- Crafting and using classroom assessments -- Planning for integrating assessment and instruction -- Completion, short-answer, and true-false items -- Multiple-choice and matching exercises -- Essay assessment tasks -- Higher-order thinking, problem solving, and critical thinking -- Performance, portfolio, and authentic assessments : an overview -- How to craft performance tasks, projects, portfolios, rating scales, and scoring rubrics -- Formative evaluation using informal diagnostic assessments -- Preparing your students to be assessed and using students' results to improve your assessments -- Evaluating and grading student progress -- Interpreting and using standardized tests -- Standardized achievement tests -- Interpreting norm-referenced scores -- Finding and evaluating published assessments -- Scholastic aptitude, career interests, attitudes, and personality tests.