What do we mean by 'thinking'? -- What kind of thinking should we encourage children to do? -- Thinking and learning -- The nature of thinking programmes developed within a subject context -- The nature of general thinking skills programmes -- The nature of infused thinking -- Effectiveness of thinking programmes -- Development of creative thinking -- Development of critical thinking -- Development of metacognition -- Development of problem solving capability -- Synthesizing the general from the particular -- Professional development to support thinking classrooms -- School development to support thinking communities